Dalla corte alla classe: Einarr Skúlason e lo studio della tradizione scaldica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14672/fg.3153Parole chiave:
Einarr Skúlason, Edda, Skáldskaparmál, tradizione scaldicaAbstract
Il chierico islandese Einarr Skúlason (c. 1090-1160) fu una figura chiave nella transizione dalla fase pre-letteraria a quella colta della composizione scaldica. Nella sezione dell'Edda dedicata al linguaggio poetico (Skáldskaparmál), il suo parente Snorri Sturluson riconobbe a questo scaldo il più alto status esemplare, citandolo molto più di qualsiasi altro poeta. Infatti, molto prima di Snorri, Einarr Skúlason sembra essere stato tra i primi eruditi islandesi a impegnarsi in uno studio sistematico del canone poetico volgare e delle sue figure retoriche. Testimonianza di questa attività si trova principalmente nei frammenti a lui attribuiti nei trattati poetici. Attraverso un'imitazione sistematica dei primi scaldi, Einarr ripristinò lo stile kenning tipico della poesia tardo-pagana, dando impulso alla ricezione medievale della materia mitologica del Nord. L’analisi di questi frammenti è quindi in grado di far luce sulla fase più antica e meno documentata dello sviluppo della riflessione retorica vernacolare in Islanda, rendendo conto del filone di studi che, circa un secolo dopo, sarebbe culminato nella composizione dell’Edda di Snorri.
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